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Visceral gout is a condition of chickens that has been recognized for more than 30 years.
Colibacillosis, a syndrome caused by Escherichia coli, is one of the most common infectious bacterial diseases of the layer industry. E. coli are always found in the gastrointestinal tract of birds and disseminated widely in feces; therefore, birds are continuously exposed through contaminated feces, water, dust and the environment.
Egg Drop Syndrome (EDS), initially described in 1976, has since become an important cause of decreased egg production worldwide. It is a viral disease that is thought to have been introduced into chickens through a contaminated vaccine.
Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) is a noninfectious disease characterized by excessive accumulation of fat in the liver and abdominal cavity, causing liver rupture, hemorrhage and sudden death of hens. Death is the result of internal bleeding. FLHS occurs most commonly in egg-type layers in confinement cage housing.
Focal duodenal necrosis (FDN) has been observed in cage, cage-free and organic flocks of both brown and white egg layers of all major genetic suppliers. FDN has been diagnosed in the United States and Europe. Most often, FDN is found in multi-age complexes and in flocks housed in facilities with manure belts.
Fowl pox is a common and economically important disease of layers, causing drops in egg production and increased mortality.
Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD), also known as Gumboro, is one of the most important diseases to affect layer pullets around the world. It continues to present new challenges as it can genetically mutate into new serotypes and, in some cases, a more virulent virus, thereby complicating vaccination immunity.
Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is a viral respiratory disease caused by an herpesvirus of chickens and some other gallinaceous birds.
Avian influenza (AI) is caused by a type A influenza virus and is distributed worldwide in birds.
Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is a common respiratory disease in commercial layers around the world.
Mycoplasma are the smallest free-living organisms both in size and number of genes, and unlike many other bacteria, they do not have a cell wall. There are two Mycoplasma species, Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and Mycoplasma synoviae (MS), which cause disease in chickens. MG is generally the more pathogenic species and causes major economic losses.
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has become enzootic in many areas of Asia, South America, Africa, and the Middle East, causing significant economic losses and production challenges.
Osteomalacia (sometimes called “Soft-Bone" or "Cage Layer Fatigue") in laying chickens is a common nutritional condition characterized by softening of the keel and leg bones, fatigue and/or depression, lameness, hair-line cracks or roughened shell surfaces on eggs that are laid, and, occasionally, decreases in production.
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